I New energy vehicle maintenance Technical points

（1） Maintenance Technology of Hybrid Vehicle

From the current car market share, we can see that hybrid vehicles are more popular and occupy a larger proportion of the market. BMW, Land Rover, Porsche and other high-end vehicles have launched hybrid vehicles.

The common small faults of hybrid electric vehicles mainly include ignition system fault, oil circuit system fault and circuit fault. Battery pack fault, failure to exhaust fire and abnormal operation of generator are common large faults. Small faults are almost consistent with traditional vehicle maintenance technology, and the maintenance of large faults is the key.

For example, when the oil electric hybrid vehicle cannot start normally, check whether the starter and generator are abnormal, because long-term use is likely to lead to damage or aging of the engine and generator, loose plug and other phenomena, and determine the technology used according to the actual situation during maintenance.

The battery detection technology can also be used to check whether the battery of the hybrid electric vehicle has oxidation, power loss, loose joints, etc. If there is any, the oxide of the battery must be cleaned in time, and the battery must be charged or replaced in time.

（2） Maintenance technology of pure electric vehicle

Although oil electric hybrid vehicles are more popular at present, pure electric vehicles have always been the development trend of new energy vehicles. Their power transmission is to use crude refined fuel for power generation, transmit power to the internal power battery pack of the vehicle, or supplement power for the vehicle by using household slow charging or DC pile fast charging. The battery is its power source, This is also the focus of maintenance.

When repairing battery of pure electric vehicle, prevent battery from power loss due to storage. For example, when the battery is not in use, it should also be regularly charged to keep the battery in good condition to avoid power loss; The periodic detection technology is used to repair the battery. If the endurance of the pure electric vehicle is weakened during the use process, it is most likely because of the battery. Regular inspection must be carried out to ensure the normal use of the battery and ensure the normal driving of the pure electric vehicle.

For another example, the maintenance of the controller must be carried out in a safe working environment. In fact, many controllers have been properly allocated before leaving the factory. The maintenance personnel cannot disassemble them during inspection, nor can they arbitrarily change the wiring of the contactor, so that the controller has enough time to release the remaining power, and at the same time, the dust must be regularly cleaned, Ensure that the controller itself and its surroundings are clean and sanitary.

2、 Measures to improve the maintenance level of new energy vehicles

（1） Check the car before maintenance

As mentioned above, the internal structure design of new energy vehicles is quite different from that of traditional fuel vehicles, whether it is a hybrid vehicle or a pure electric vehicle. In particular, the circuit structure is particularly cumbersome. Before maintenance, it is necessary to do a series of inspections to find the location and source of the fault and clarify the direction of subsequent maintenance work.

For example, when the new energy vehicle is at a standstill, check its vacuum pump and controller, step on the pedal, carefully observe the operation of the vacuum pump and whether the control unit works normally; Check the tightness of the vacuum pipeline, and focus on observing whether there is damage, aging, air leakage, oil leakage and other phenomena at the place where the pipeline is connected, so as to ensure that there is a sufficient safety distance between the hose and the body parts; Carefully check the circuit inside the vehicle to make sure whether there is aging, adhesion, damage, wiring cracking and other phenomena in the circuit. Once problems are found, power must be cut off before handling to prevent more serious faults; After completing the maintenance work, the tire pressure, braking system and lights of the new energy vehicle shall be checked regularly to ensure the safe driving of the vehicle.

（2） Grasp the precautions for maintenance of new energy vehicles

Electronic diagnosis technology is widely used in the repair and maintenance of new energy vehicles, that is, in the maintenance work, electronic equipment is used to comprehensively detect the faults of new energy vehicles, and scientific maintenance technology and methods are adopted to achieve diagnosis without disassembly.

For example, maintenance personnel use electronic diagnostic technology to detect the fault of the whole vehicle, ask for the maintenance opinions of the owner after determining the fault, formulate the vehicle fault maintenance plan accordingly, and check the vehicle fault according to the file requirements. It is not necessary to disassemble the new energy vehicle when it is checked by electronic diagnosis technology. It can determine the location and cause of the fault in the shortest time, greatly improve the maintenance efficiency of new energy vehicles, shorten the time for vehicle maintenance, prevent waste of resources, ensure the integrity of the body, and significantly improve the maintenance level of new energy vehicles.

Of course, in the specific maintenance process, we should grasp several aspects:

1、 The equipment for repairing new energy vehicles shall be updated and upgraded, especially the diagnostic equipment, to ensure that the electronic diagnostic equipment meets the requirements for detecting new energy vehicle faults. For example, decoder, code reading card and electronic diagnostic instrument are designed for the maintenance of new energy vehicles, and this series of electronic diagnostic equipment is used to ensure orderly maintenance. Nowadays, the information supporting software of new energy vehicles has reached a certain technical level. Only upgrading electronic diagnostic equipment can effectively diagnose vehicle faults;

Second, equip relevant electronic diagnostic equipment specifically for the power battery of new energy vehicles, promote the upgrading of traditional electronic diagnostic software and equipment, and purchase professional testing equipment if conditions permit, so as to improve the professionalism of power battery electronic diagnostic equipment; Third, maintenance personnel must be proficient in using electronic diagnostic equipment to detect the faults of new energy vehicles, regularly accept professional technical knowledge and practical operation training, timely master advanced new energy vehicle maintenance, and flexibly apply it to vehicle maintenance practice.

（3） Strengthen the development of new technologies

Advanced new energy vehicle maintenance is also closely related to data processing technology, information interaction technology, etc. The task of vehicle maintenance has also changed from repairing complex traditional mechanical systems to preventing the occurrence of vehicle failures, which marks that new energy vehicle maintenance has been extended to the maintenance field.

The maintenance of traditional fuel vehicles is carried out in a system that is easy to replace and cost effective. After a fault occurs, the auto parts are disassembled. The new maintenance technology of new energy vehicles has the nature of maintenance. Based on the computer system, the time of vehicle maintenance and the life cycle of auto components can be measured in advance, and the proactive maintenance can ensure that the repair can be arranged in sufficient time in advance.

For example, the most commonly used technologies for monitoring automobile mechanical system faults include visual monitoring technology, noise and vibration monitoring technology, performance monitoring technology, heat monitoring technology and debris monitoring technology. No matter which technology, computers play an important role, with the help of computer systems